Water-jacketed boiler



4 Sheets-Sheet 1. n

(No Modem.

Jg'J. HOGAN.. WATER JACKE-TBD BOILER.

l Patented Apr. 15, 1890. Y l l* -l l Eff (No Model.) 4 sheets-sheet 2. J. J. HGAN.

l WATER JAGKETBD BOILER. No. 425,942. Patented Apr. 15, 1890.

y if

THE Noms Enns co mmmmm., wAsnmmnn, u. c.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

J.l J. H0GAN. WATER JAGKBTED BOILEB..

No. 425,942. Patented Apr. 15, 1.890.

fa'yf l) TN: News Psrzns cm, movmumm, wumum'un, u. c.

(No Model.) v 4 sheetssheet 4.

J. J. HOGAN.

WATER JAGKBTED BGILBR. No. 425,942. Patented Apr. 15, 1890.

. NAN

m: mams versus co., Pucmmrmnr, wAsmuswN, n. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN J. HOGAN, OF BROOKLYN, NEV YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE HOGAN ENGINEERING COMPANY, OF NEV YORK.

`WATFF-JACKETED BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0. 425,942, dated April 15, 1890.

Application filed December 5, 1889. Serial No. 332,697. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN J. HOGAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn, Kings county, New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in lVater-Jacketed Boilers, fully described and represented in the following specification and the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the same.

This invention relates particularly to Waterheating boilers formed in a series of sect-ions united by water-connections; but the invention may be applied to 'steam-generators, if desired.

The object of the invention is in part to prevent radiation from the exterior of the boiler and consequent loss of heat or fuel, and in part to facilitate the application of the heated air and gases to the water-channels in themost eective manner. To accomplish this object I form the several sections of the boiler exteriorly with a water-space adapted, when the several sections are secured together, to form a substantially continuous water-jacket upon the outside of the boiler, the iire-pot itself and the {ire-box immediately above the same being similarly inclosed in hollow water-rings, so as to absorb the heat most effectively.

The'desired object would not be secured if an active circulation of the heated water in the boiler were at any time permitted in such water-jacket, as the eXtreme walls of the jacket would thereby become heated and would radiate the heat as fully as the boiler itself would radiate if the jacket were not applied thereto. The construction is therefore preferably provided with means for permitting the passage of water upward within the boiler independently of the water-jacket, and downwardly from the upper to the lower part of the boiler independently of the waterjacket, by which construction the water in the jacket may in a great measure avoid agitation and may maintain a temperature substantially lower than that which is being heated and passed from the boiler.

My invention is illustrated as a cast-iron boiler having sections divided horizontally.

Figure 1 is a front elevation of the boiler; Fig. 2, a plan of the same upon a smaller scale; Fig. 3, a vertical section on line :t in Fig. 2; Fig. 1i, a plan of the fire-pot section; Fig. 5, a plan of the nrc-box section; and Fig. 6 a plan of one of the superior sections with to show the internal construction.

A is the ash-box, and B the grate. The firepot section, as shown in Fig. 4, consists in a hollow water-ring D, with annular partition D dividing it vertically into inner and outer water-channels cl2 d3. A water-inlet C supplies fluid to the outer channel at one side, and a notch d in the partition upon the opposite side admits such fluid to the inner channel, where it is conducted upward by nozzles l. Hollow lugs d5 upon the exterior of the ring connect with the outer channel d3 and are fitted to receive thimbles upon their upper side to connect with the fire-box section. The fire-pot section may be lined with firebrick, if desired.

The lire-box section E is formed as a hollow water-ring with inner and outer waterchannels c2 and e3, the inner channel being connected with the corresponding channel in the tire-pot ring by nozzles m and having a series of radial water-,tubes T connecting it with a central water-chamber U. One side of the section is cut open, as at E4, to form a door for the ire-boX, and hollow lugs c5 are projected from the exterior of the ring to connect with the lugs d5 below. The partition e in this section is divided at c6 to permit the passage of the fluid from the outer channel to the nozzles m and thence to the central chamber, which is connected upon its upper side with the superior section F.

Three similar sections F, G, and H are shown, each consisting, as shown in Fig. 6, of a flat hollow disk having apertures f to permit the passage of the smoke. A waterring I is attached to and projected downward from the periphery of each section and connects with its interior, and is provided eX- ternally with hollow lugs I', projected outwardly from the lower edge of the ring and connected together and to the rings D and E by vertical thimbles J. A top section K is applied over the section H to inclose the smoke which passes through the slots f and discharge it to a suitable chimney through a a small portion of its upper plate broken away IOO smoke-aperture L. A central water-connection o is made between the several sections, and in like manner with the central chamber of the section E by nozzles 0, itted `together with intervening packing, and a dischargeontlet P is provided in the Vcenter of the top section for the delivery of the heated fluid. The sections above the nre-box are separated by smoke-spaces S, and the top section is provided with aWater-ring I, which operates, like the ring I in the sections below it, to inclose` the smoke-space and to absorb any heat which would be radiated laterally if such smokespace were inclosed bya metallic plate. This section is also provided with lugs I and connected with the corresponding lugs by thimbles J.

The nozzles o are constructed to make a contact when the thimbles are screwed into several sections, and the thimbles thus form the joint at the central water-connection, as well as at the exterior lugs. To produce interrupted passages for the vertical movement of the smoke, the smoke-apertu res f are not symmetrically formed in the perforated sections, and the sections F, Gr, and H, although made from the same pattern, may thus be arranged, as shown in Fig. 3, to produce tor- "tuous smoke-passages, (indicated by the arrows r.) The perforated sections are also shown provided with apertures g, which are arranged Vvertically over one another to secure a certain amount of direct draft through each section adjacent to the nozzles o for the purpose of making such nozzles the hottest portion of each section.

With such construction the boiler is especially adapted for maintaining an active circulation in a series of hot-Water radiators, for which purpose the return-duid would be oonducted to 'the inlet C upon the tire-pot section and the heated water would be discharged from the nozzleP to supply the radiators. The boiler would then operate as follows:

The heat would be most intense in the firepot and in the tire-box containing the watertubes T and in the central water-connections 0, and an upward movement of the water would thus be created in such tubes and water-connections. Upon the contrary, the connections exterior to the water-rings would be wholly removed from the influence of the fire, andwould thus contain the colder iuid within the boiler. When theradiators were in operation, the current of return-fluid tothe inlet C would replace the wat-er discharged from the outlet P, and the circulation would move from the outer channel d3 in the ring D to the inner channel d2, and thence by the nozzlesl and m and radial tubes T to the cen-y tral chamber U. `rlhe water heated in the several sections F, G, and H would move upward through the central connections o and would be replaced by colder iuid supplied from the ring D through the lugs d5, e5, and l', passing inward from the latter lugs to the rings I and the interiorof each section when required. When the radiators are cut olf from the boiler, a free circulation will be maintained inside the same, as the fluid can move continuously upward through the central connections 0 and downward through the outer thirnbles J.

It will be noticed that although a rapid movement of the i'lnid would be generated within the boiler at such time, the upward circulation in the central connections and the downward circulation in the outer thimbles J would be performed `Without materially disturbing the Iluid in the jacket formed by the water-rings I and the outer channel e3 upon the section E. The Water in such rings may therefore be regarded as dead water, not mingling actively with the boiling water within the boiler, but retaining a materially lower temperature. For this reason such water would not radiate heat rapidly from the exterior of the boiler, but would protect the hott-er contents of theboiler from loss of heat. In like manner when the radiators were in operation and a current of water was delivered from the outlet of theboiler and received at t-he inlet C the circulation would move almost exclusively upward within the tubes T and central connection o', and the water in the rings I would remain undisturbed and operate to protect the hotter water within the boiler, as just described. The waterinthc water-jacket is adapted to thus operate because the boiler is provided with means for the upward and downward passage of the Water independent of such water-jacket, and the invention in this lrespect differs widely from others in which any water-jacket or any series of water-rings has'been combined with water-passages extended transversely across the boiler and heated by the gases rising in contact with the same.' In all other constructions the circulation through such transverse passages was effected exclusively through the Water-jacket, so that the Water in the jacket was necessarily of the same temperature as that in the transverse passages.

The several sections above the fire-pot in the boiler illustrated herein possess transverse water-channels connected laterally with the water-rings, and the circulation through such transverse water-channels is not limited to the rings, but is eleoted mainly through the central connections o.

To preserve the water in the jacket from intersect the water-channels within the jacket, where they are exposed to the heat of the boiler, with passages forconductiug the heated fluid upward, and while it is `preferable to proexterior to the jacket, a's shown herein, they may be located within the jacket` if required.

The essential part `of my present invention is the combination of such a Water-jacket with transverse water-channels and intermediate smoke-spaces, the transverse water-channels IIO active circulation, it is therefore necessary to vide the passages for downward circulation being united by two or more water-connections independentv of the jacket to provide for an upward and downward circulation. Unless the water-sections (or the transverse water-channels in which the water is subdivided for exposure to the heated gases) were separated by smoke-spaces the heated gases could not circulate between them nor operate upon their lower surfaces, and it is obvious that such smoke-spaces must be inclosed at their outer margin to prevent the escape of the gases,

By my Ainvention a water-jacket is applied to the margin of the smoke-spaces instead of a mere wall of metal, through which loss of heat is liable to occur by radiation, and the water in the jacket is protected from active circulation by providing for such circulation outside of the water-jacket. When the hot water is moving constantly from the boiler to supply radiators, the heated fluid within such section wo nld pass toward the central connections 0 and would be supplied in some measure from the water-'rings I; but as the returniinid from such radiators would enter at the bottom of the boiler in the same volume as that delivered it is obvious that the upward movement would be chiefly through the tubes T, and that in all cases a much'slower circulation would exist within the water-jacket than in the vertical connections of the boiler.

It has been common heretofore to make castiron boilers in horizontal sections, which have sometimes been round externally and sometimes rectangular, and it is obvious that the water-jacket provided by my invention may be applied to the margin of such sections, whether round or square externally. The water-rin g described herein may therefore be regarded as a species of water-leg attached to the edge of the section, and would therefore be a precise equivalent for a water-jacket projected from the edge of the'section,wheth er of round or square form externally, and I have therefore made my broader claims herein to cover a water leg or jacket of the character described, regardless of the external form of the boiler.

It is obviously immaterial whether the apertures through the several sections be made in the form of round or square passages or in the form ofradial slots or parallel slots, as shown in Fie'. 6 of the drawings.

I hereby disclaim my patent application, Serial No. 333,145, filed December 9, 1889, in

which I have claimed an annular water-space formed at the edge of a water-section and projected downward from such edge, with external lugs projected from the lower edge of such water-space. In my pending applicatiomSerial No. 332,994, iiled December 7, 1889, is claimed a fire-box divided into two parts, as shown herein, and to such construction I make no claim in my present application. Such construction forms a Water-jacket outside the smoke-space, as in my present invention, but is claimed only in my aforesaid application as a means vof trapping the water circulation and retarding the movement of the iiuid from the center of the boiler to the periphery.

In Figs. 5 and 6 tongues s are shown formed in the central chambers of the sections to prevent conflict between the currents of water iiowing from different portions of the sections toward the center column, and these tongues are shown in the vertical lines s', which appear within the central chambers in Fig. 3. The sloping lines f in the same chambers represent the inner sides of the transverse water-channels between the apertures f in Fig. 3. These apertures are preferably made of tapering form, as shown in Fig. 3, to facilitate the formation of such sections by casting. In Fig'. 6 an aperture or notch is shown formed through the water-ring depending from the bottom of the section, the view representing the under side of the section purposely to exhibit such notch. The notch is intended for a cleaning-door to remove the soot from the smoke-spaces S, and similar notches are shown in' dotted lines in Fig. 1. located at the rear sides of the several sections. A door m is shown applied over the notch in Fig. 6, and would in practice be secured by screws or other suitable means.

Having thus set -forth myinvention, what I claim herein is- 1. A vertical boiler having transverse waterchannels with intermediate smoke-spaces, a water-jacket exterior to and connected with such transverse channels, and two or more vertical waterconnections independent of the water-jacket to provide for an upward and downward circulation within the boiler outside of` such water-jacket, substantially as herein set forth.

2.v A vertical boiler having transverse waterchannels with intermediate smoke-spaces, a water-jacket exterior to and connected with such transverse channels, a vertical waterpassage connecting such transverse waterchannels in the center of the boiler, and one or more water-connections between the top and bottom of the boiler independent of such water-jacket and central water-passage, as and for the purpose set forth.

3. A vertical boiler havingtransverse waterchannels with intermediate smoke-spaces, a water-jacket exterior to and connected with such transverse channels, a vertical waterpassage connecting such transverse waterchannels in the center of the boiler, and two vertical water-connections between the top and bottom of the vboiler exterior to the water-jacket, vas and for the purpose set forth.

4. A vertical boiler having hollow horizontal water-sections separated by smoke-spaces and perforated for the passage of lthe smoke, a water-jacket connected with the edge of each section and inclosing the same and the smoke-space, and two or more vertical Waterconnections between the sections to provide for upward and downward circulation, sub-f stantially as herein set forth.

ITO

5. A vertical boiler havin ghollow horizontal wat-erlsections separated by smoke-spaces and perforated for the passage Vof the smoke, a water-jacket connected with the edge of each section and inclosing the same' andthe j smoke-space, a vertical waterbonnection between the sections inside the water-jacket, and one or more vertical water-connections between the sections external to the same, as and for the purpose s et forth.

6. A Vertical boiler having hollow horizontal water-sections separated by s1noke-spaces and perforated for the passage of the smoke, a water-leg connected with the edge of each section and inclosing the same and the smokespace, a vertical water-connection in the center of the sections, hollow lugs projected from the water-legs near their lower edges, and vertical water-connections between such lugs, as and for the purpose set forth.

7. The combination, in a boiler formed of `horizontal sections, of a lire-pot section consisting in a hollow water-ring with external inlet, a fire-box section consisting in a hollow water-rin g and a central chamber connected by radial water-tubes, and one or more horizontal perforated sectionsseparated by smokespaces and connected with the top of such central chamber by a vertical water-connection, and provided each with a water-leg inclosing the section and the .intermediate smoke-space, and the several sections being connected with one another exterior to the water-legs, as and for th'e purpose set forth.

8. The combination, in a boiler, of a series 3 5 of sections divided horizontally and constructed each with an external waterleg forming an inclosin g Water-jacket upon the boiler,

a waterfconnection .between the several sections within the water-jacket to provide for 4o upward circulation, and one or more vertical water-connections'exterior to the jacket to provide for downward circulation, substantially as herein set forth.

9. The combination, in a boiler, of a series 45 of sections divided horizontally and constructed each with an external water-leg formin g an inclosing water-jacket upon the boiler, a water-connection between the several sections within the water-jacket to provide' for 5o upward circulation, hollow lugs projected from the exterior of each leg and connected therewith, and thimbles connecting such lugs vertically to provide for a downward circulation, substantially as herein set forth.

In testimonyy whereof I have hereuntoset my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN J. HOGAN.

Witnesses:

A. O. KITTREDGE, THos. S. CRANE. 

